How is multicast traffic delivered in a network?

Multicast traffic is delivered through the use of multicast addresses, which are specifically designated IP addresses that allow a single data stream to be sent to multiple recipients simultaneously. This method is efficient because it reduces the amount of bandwidth used compared to sending multiple unicast streams to each recipient individually.

To ensure that multicast traffic reaches the appropriate nodes on the network, protocols such as the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) are employed. IGMP is used by hosts to report their multicast group memberships to neighboring routers. When a device wants to receive multicast traffic, it will join a specific multicast group, and the routers use this information to manage the distribution of multicast packets across the network.

This approach is advantageous in scenarios like streaming video or audio to multiple users, where sending a single stream to multiple endpoints conserves bandwidth and enhances overall network performance. The use of multicast addresses and associated protocols ensures that multicast traffic is routed correctly and reaches all intended recipients efficiently.